Superheater



C. F. KRAUSS July 30, 1935.

SUPERHEATER Filed Feb. 8, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet l Super-Heder Header INVENTOR Charles F'. Krauss K ww. ir A w 2V, i. i. mwwmwwk@ l- 1 h I i. xm

July 3Q.' 3935., l C, F, KRAUSS 2,009,961

SUPERHEATER Filed Feb. 8, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Charles F'. Krauss ticularly Patented July 30, `1935 p Y UNITED; STATES SUPERHEATER charles F. Krauss, Ambler, Pa. Application February s, 1934, seal No. 710,233

2 Claims.

This invention relates generally. to 4locomotive superheaters of the .nre tube type and more parto an improved combination of superheater tube units adapted to offer minimum resistance to the steam flow consistent with obtaining a relatively high degree of superheat;

A great many superheater arrangements have heretofore been proposed and developed for locomotives to obtain a high degree of superheatfbut certain of these developments have been carried so far that the value of the increase in superheat is outweighed or not justified by the/.drop in pressure caused by the superheater tubes. Certain prior patents have recognized the disadvantages of excessive friction and have attempted toV overcome the same while still Vmaintaining an acceptableV degree of superheat, but these prior arrangements have not been fully successful.

It is one object of my invention to provide an improved combination'v ofv superheater tube units so similarly constructed and uniformly applied to substantially the entire group of boiler fiues as to obtain a minimum drop in pressure consistent with a high degree of superheat.

A further object is to accomplish the foregoing results by providing each of the uniformlydistributed units with what is herein termed a maximum superheat run and a minimum superheat by-pass run, these runs being commonly connected to pipes leading to and `from the saturated and superheated steam chambers of the superheater header.

Other'objects and advantages will be more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following descriptionrof the accompanying drawings in which: f

Fig. l is a fragmentary longitudinal section of a locomotive boiler;

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of Fig. 1 looked at in the direction of the arrow a, Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation of one of the superheater tube units;

Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view of the unit looking up at the bottom of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is an end elevation of Fig. 3 viewed in the direction of the arrow b;

Fig. 6 is a perspective of the tube unit.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention which is disclosed herein merely for the purpose of showing one specific form among possible others that the invention might take, there is provided in Fig. l a locomotiveboiler shell generally indicated at I having usualues 2, a front tube plate 3 and saturated steam pipe 4 con'- nected in a usual manner with any desired form staggered relation in of superheater header/generally indicated atr5. This header is Vlocated preferably in the smokebox 6 and as the construction of such a header is well-known as is also the case with the remaining locomotive structure, it sary to describe the same in detail.

As shown in Fig. 2 the flues 2 are disposed in the customary manner and the tubes of the superheater units generally indicatedY at 1, Figs. 3-6, are inserted within the flues kl0 from the smokebox. However, in order to obtain my improved results above mentioned together with a uniform quality of superheated steam, each unit is provided with a saturated steam inlet pipe 8 and a'superheated steam outlet pipe 9, ,i5 these pipes being connected with the usual chambers of the superheater header 5'. However, it will be noted that inlet pipe 8 communicates with a pipeII) and a' reversely extending pipe II tol communicate with outlet pipe 9. communicates with a pipe kI2 and a reversely extending pipe I3, this pipe I3 continuing in series communication through a bend I4 with 'a pipe I5 and reversely extending pipe I6. Pipe IB then communicates with pipe 9 in common with v25 pipe II. Y As is customary, each pair of pipes I 0 and I I, I5 and I6, and I2 and I3 is respectively received in individual flues. In my improved arrangement all of the superheater tube units are of the type having the three 30 passes generally indicated at I8, I9 and 2U in Fig.

6, the passes I9 and 20 being preferably in superimposed relation whereby the respective passes are triangularly arranged for insertion in triangular groups of nues. These triangular groups 35 are shown in Fig. 2 by the heavy dotted triangular lines 2I. It will be noted that the horizontal group of triangles at the elevations c have their .apexes on the right hand side while the triangles at the alternate elevations d have their apexes at the left hand side. When each vertical column of triangles is viewed, itis seen that the triangles are alternately of a left and right hand nature disposed in complementary nested relation. As a result of this arrangement only two groups of superheater tube units are necessary to cover substantially the entire group of nues, except that the inlet and outlet pipes must be of different lengths to accommodate the d iierent elevations of the units. However, it is seen that in so far as the superheater pipes are concerned that the interftted triangles present a uniform distribution of the superheater tube units 1 which may be generally described as similar even though there are right and left hand groups. Also, as a is not deemed neces- 5.

Pipe 8 also 20 result of the three pass arrangement as described, it will be observed that the steam flows in series through the passes I9 and 20, Fig. 6, thereby causing maximum superheating of this steam and for that reason this pair of passes is herein referred to as a maximum'superheat run, whereas the pass I8 by having only one pair of pipes will not cause the steam owing therethrough to have the same degree of superheat as in the other run but will nevertheless have at least a certain minimumsuperheat and this Will be accompanied by less frictional resistance than in the other pass. Due to this diierential frictional resistance,

I2 at the juncture 22, but more steam will flow through pipe l0 thus causing the run of pipes Il) and Il to serve somewhat in the nature of a bypass for the other runof pipes YI9 and 20. Hence pipes I0 and Il, which have minimum superheat but function as a bypass, are herein termed asa minimum superheat bypass run.

As a result of my improved arrangement, both functional and structural diculties and objections to prior superheating arrangements are overcome because by uniformly distributing the maximum superheat runs and bypass runs over substantially the entire groupV of ues, excessive pressure drop is minimized consistent with maintaining a very substantial quality of superheat. It will be noted that the bypass run I8 is preferably of somewhat greater length than the other runs, thereby permitting a desired degree or minimum superheatrto be obtained without mate# rially increasing the friction through the bypass run as no additional bends are included.

It will of course be understood by thoseskilled in the art that various changes may be made in the details of construction v`and arrangement of parts without departing from` thespirit of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

the` steam will not divide evenly between pipes l and I claim:

1. The combination with a locomotive boiler provided with a plurality of ues disposed in staggered relation comprising, a superheater header, substantially similar superheating tube units uniformly disposed in substantially all ues, each unit having a triangular arrangement of three passes two of which are disposed in series to form a maximum superheat run while the third pass forms a minimum superheat bypass run, said runs having a common saturated steam inlet pipe and a common superheat outlet pipe "for connection to said superheater header and each pass of any one unit being disposed in its own individual ue of a triangular group of flues, the superheater tube units for parallel rows of ues being alternately arranged in left and right hand positions and said arrangement extending over substantially the entire group of similar rows or ues.

2. The combination with a locomotive boiler provided with a plurality of flues disposed in staggered relation comprising, a superheater header, substantially similar superheating tube units uniformly disposed in substantially all ilues whereby the units are arranged in vertical columns, each unit having a triangular arrangement of three passes two of which are disposed in series'to form a maximum superheat run while the thirdpass forms a minimum superheat bypass run, said runs having a common saturated steam inlet pipe and a common superheat outlet pipe for connection to said superheater header and leach pass of any one unit being disposed -in its'own individual flue of a triangular group of hues, each vertical column of the triangular K superheater Vtube units having the units alternately reversely arranged in complementary nested relation.

' CHARLES F. KRAUSS. 

